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Heap-based buffer overflow in the sql_prepare_where function (contrib/mod_sql.c) in ProFTPD before 1.3.3d, when mod_sql is enabled, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted username containing substitution tags, which are not properly handled during construction of an SQL query.
Use CWE-119, Proftpd vendor hub and Proftpd product page to widen CVE-2010-4652 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2019-12815, CVE-2010-20103 and CVE-2020-9273 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.