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sapi/cgi/cgi_main.c in PHP before 5.3.12 and 5.4.x before 5.4.2, when configured as a CGI script (aka php-cgi), does not properly handle query strings that lack an = (equals sign) character, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by placing command-line options in the query string, related to lack of skipping a certain php_getopt for the 'd' case.
Use CWE-77, Php vendor hub and Php product page to widen CVE-2012-1823 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2024-11235, CVE-2025-14180 and CVE-2025-14178 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.