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lighttpd before 1.4.33 does not check the return value of the (1) setuid, (2) setgid, or (3) setgroups functions, which might cause lighttpd to run as root if it is restarted and allows remote attackers to gain privileges, as demonstrated by multiple calls to the clone function that cause setuid to fail when the user process limit is reached.
Use CWE-264, Lighttpd vendor hub and Lighttpd product page to widen CVE-2013-4559 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2019-11072, CVE-2014-2323 and CVE-2022-41556 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.