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A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Microsoft Malware Protection Engine does not properly scan a specially crafted file, leading to memory corruption, aka "Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This affects Windows Defender, Windows Intune Endpoint Protection, Microsoft Security Essentials, Microsoft System Center Endpoint Protection, Microsoft Exchange Server, Microsoft System Center, Microsoft Forefront Endpoint Protection.
Use CWE-787, Microsoft vendor hub and Exchange Server product page to widen CVE-2018-0986 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2025-59249, CVE-2025-53782 and CVE-2025-53786 for nearby disclosures in the same product family. Additional editorial context is available in Weekly Security Roundup: Navigating the April 2026 Threat Landscape and Critical Framework Exploits.