stb_image is a single file MIT licensed library for processing images. A crafted image file can trigger `stbi__load_gif_main_outofmem` attempt to double-free the out variable. This happens in `stbi__load_gif_main` because when the `layers * stride` value is zero the behavior is implementation defined, but common that realloc frees the old memory and returns null pointer. Since it attempts to double-free the memory a few lines below the first “free”, the issue can be potentially exploited only in a multi-threaded environment. In the worst case this may lead to code execution.
Use CWE-415, Nothings vendor hub and Stb Image.H product page to widen CVE-2023-45664 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2023-45666, CVE-2023-43281 and CVE-2023-45662 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.