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A vulnerability in a specific API of Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as root. The attacker does not require any valid credentials to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted API request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain root privileges on an affected device.
Use CWE-74, Cisco vendor hub and Identity Services Engine product page to widen CVE-2025-20281 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2025-20337, CVE-2025-20282 and CVE-2025-20343 for nearby disclosures in the same product family. Additional editorial context is available in The Weekly Cybersecurity Brief: January 30th, 2026.