In some mod_ssl configurations on Apache HTTP Server 2.4.35 through to 2.4.63, an access control bypass by trusted clients is possible using TLS 1.3 session resumption. Configurations are affected when mod_ssl is configured for multiple virtual hosts, with each restricted to a different set of trusted client certificates (for example with a different SSLCACertificateFile/Path setting). In such a case, a client trusted to access one virtual host may be able to access another virtual host, if SSLStrictSNIVHostCheck is not enabled in either virtual host.
Use CWE-284, Apache vendor hub and Http Server product page to widen CVE-2025-23048 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2025-58098, CVE-2025-59775 and CVE-2025-55753 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.