stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds write in `f->vendor[len] = (char)'\0';`. The root cause is that if the len read in `start_decoder` is `-1` and `len + 1` becomes 0 when passed to `setup_malloc`. The `setup_malloc` behaves differently when `f->alloc.alloc_buffer` is pre-allocated. Instead of returning `NULL` as in `malloc` case it shifts the pre-allocated buffer by zero and returns the currently available memory block. This issue may lead to code execution.
Use CWE-787, Nothings vendor hub and Stb Vorbis.C product page to widen CVE-2023-45675 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2023-47212, CVE-2023-45681 and CVE-2023-45679 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.