stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds write in `f->vendor[len] = (char)'\0';`. The root cause is that if `len` read in `start_decoder` is a negative number and `setup_malloc` successfully allocates memory in that case, but memory write is done with a negative index `len`. Similarly if len is INT_MAX the integer overflow len+1 happens in `f->vendor = (char*)setup_malloc(f, sizeof(char) * (len+1));` and `f->comment_list[i] = (char*)setup_malloc(f, sizeof(char) * (len+1));`. This issue may lead to code execution.
Use CWE-787, Nothings vendor hub and Stb Vorbis.C product page to widen CVE-2023-45677 into its surrounding weakness, vendor, and product context.
Compare it with CVE-2023-47212, CVE-2023-45681 and CVE-2023-45679 for nearby disclosures in the same product family.